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初中英语（家教资料）
日常交际用语简表
(DailyExpressionsinCommunication)
1.问候Greetings
a.Goodmorning/afternoon/evening.
Hello/Hi.
Howareyou?
b.Fine,thankyou.Andyou?
Verywell,thankyou.
2.介绍Introductions
a.ThisisMr/Miss/Mrs....
b.Howdoyoudo?
Nice/Gladtosee/meetyou.
c.Mynameis...I’mastudent/workeretc.(here).
3.告别Farewells
a.Ithinkit’stimeforustoleavenow.
b.Goodbye!(Bye-bye!Bye!)
Seeyoulater/tomorrow.(Seeyou.)
Goodnight.
4.打电话Makingtelephonecalls
a.Hello!MayIspeakto...?
b.Holdon,please.
He/Sheisn’thererightnow.
CanItakeamessageforyou?
c.I’mcallingtotell/askyou....
d.Goodbye.
5.感谢和应答Thanksandresponses
a.Thankyou(verymuch).
Thanksalot.
Manythanks.
Thanksfor....
b.Notatall.
That’sallright.
You’rewelcome.
6.祝愿、祝贺和应答Wishes,congratulationsandresponses
a.Goodluck!
Bestwishestoyou.
Haveanice/goodtime.
Congratulations!
b.Thankyou.
c.HappyNewYear!
MerryChristmas!
Happybirthdaytoyou.
d.Thesametoyou.
7.意愿Intentions
I’mgoingto....
Iwill....
I’dliketo....
Iwant/hopeto....
8.道歉和应答Apologiesandresponses
a.I’msorry.(Sorry.)
I’msorryfor/about....
Excuseme.
b.That’sallright.
Itdoesn’tmatter.
That’snothing.
9.遗憾和同情Regretsandsympathy
Whatapity!
Imsorrytohear....
10.邀请和应答Invitationsandresponses
a.Willyoucometo...?
Wouldyouliketo...?
b.Yes,I’dloveto....
Yes,it’sverykind/niceofyou.
c.I’dloveto,but....
11.提供(帮助等)和应答Offersandresponses
a.CanIhelpyou?
WhatcanIdoforyou?
Here,takethis/my....
Letme...foryou.
Wouldyoulikesome...?
b.Thanks.Thatwouldbenice/fine.
Thankyouforyourhelp.
Yes,please.
c.No,thanks/thankyou.
That’sverykindofyou,but....
12.请求允许和应答Askingforpermissionandresponses
a.MayI...?
Can/CouldI...?
b.Yes/Certainly.
Yes,doplease.
Ofcourse(youmay).
That’sOK/allright.
c.I’msorry,but....
You’dbetternot.
13.表示同意和不同意Expressingagreementanddisagreement
a.Certainly/Sure/Ofcourse.
Yes,please.
Yes,Ithinkso.
That’strue.
Allright/OK.
That’sagoodidea.
Iagree(withyou).
b.No,Idon’tthinkso.
I’mafraidnot.
Ireallycan’tagreewithyou.
14.表示肯定和不肯定Expressingcertaintyanduncertainty
a.I’msure.
I’msure(that)....
b.I’mnotsure.
I’mnotsurewhether/if....
c.Maybe/Perhaps.
24.喜好和厌恶Likesanddislikes
a.Ilike/love...(verymuch).
Ilike/loveto....
b.Idon’tlike(to)....
Ihate(to)....
16.谈论天气Talkingabouttheweather
a.What’stheweatherliketoday?
How’stheweatherin...?
b.It’sfine/cloudy/windy/rainy,etc.
It’sratherwarm/cold/hot/etc.today,isn’tit?
17.购物Shopping
a.WhatcanIdoforyou?
May/CanIhelpyou?
b.Iwant/I’dlike....
Howmuchisit?
That’stoomuch/expensive,I’mafraid.
That’sfine.I’lltakeit.
Letmehave...kilo/box,etc.
c.Howmany/muchdoyouwant?
Whatcolour/size/kind/doyouwant?
d.Doyouhaveanyotherkind/size/colour,ect.?
18.问路和应答Askingthewayandresponses
a.Excuseme.Where’sthemen’s/ladies’room?
Excuseme,canyoutellmethewayto...?
HowcanIgetto...?Idon’tknowtheway.
b.Godownthisstreet.
Turnright/leftatthefirst/secondcrossing.
It’sabout...metresfromhere.
19.问时间或日期和应答Askingthetimeordateandresponses
a.Whatdayis(it)today?
What’sthedatetoday?
Whattimeisit?
What’sthetime,please?
b.It’sMonday/Tuesday,etc.
It’sJanuary10th.
It’sfiveo’clock/halfpastfive/aquartertofive/fivethirty,etc.
It’stimefor....
20.请求Requests
a.Can/Couldyou...forme?
Will/Wouldyouplease...?
MayIhave...?
b.Pleasegive/passme....
Pleasewait(here/amoment).
Pleasewait(for)yourturn.
Pleasestandinline/lineup.
Pleasehurry.
21.劝告和建议Adviceandsuggestions
a.You’dbetter....
Youshould....
Youneed(to)....
b.Shallwe...?
Let’s....
What/Howabout...?
22.禁止和警告Prohibitionandwarnings
a.Youcan’t/mustn’t....
Ifyou...,you’ll....
b.Takecare!
Becareful!
23.表示感情Expressingcertainemotions
a.喜悦Pleasure,joy
I’mglad/pleased/happyto....
That’snice.
That’swonderful/great.
b.焦虑Anxiety
What’swrong?
What’sthematter(withyou)?
I’m/He’s/She’sworried.Oh,whatshallI/wedo?
c.惊奇Surprise
Really?
Oh,dear!
Isthatso?
15.就餐Takingmeals
a.Whatwouldyouliketohave?
Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat/drink?
b.I’dlike....
Wouldyoulikesomemore...?
Helpyourselftosome....
c.Thankyou.I’vehadenough./Justalittle,please.
25.约会Makingappointments
a.Areyoufreethisafternoon/evening?
Howabouttomorrowmorning/afternoon/evening?
Shallwemeetat4:30at...?
b.Yes,that’sallright.
Yes,I’llbefreethen.
c.No,Iwon’tbefreethen.ButI’llbefree....
d.Allright.Seeyouthen.
26.传递信息Passingonamessage
a.Willyoupleasegivethisnote/messageto...?
b....askedmetogiveyouthisnote.
c.Thanksforthemessage.
27.看病Seeingthedoctor
a.There’ssomethingwrongwith....
I’vegotacough.
Ifeelterrible(bad).
Idon’tfeelwell.
I’vegotapainhere.
Thisplacehurts.
b.Takethismedicinethreetimesaday.
It’snothingserious.
You’llbeallright/wellsoon.
28.求助Callingforhelp
a.Help!
b.What’sthematter?
29.处理交际中的障碍Languagedifficulties
Pardon.
Pleasesaythatagain/moreslowly.
Whatdoyoumeanby...?
I’msorryIcan’tfollowyou.
I’msorryIknowonlyalittleEnglish.
30.常见的标志和说明Somecommonsignsandinstructions
BUSINESSHOURSFRAGILE
OFFICEHOURSTHISSIDEUP
OPENMENU
CLOSEDNOSMOKING
PULLNOPARKING
PUSHNOPHOTOS
ONDANGER!
OFFPLAY
ENTRANCESTOP
EXITPAUSE
INSTRUCTIONS
初中英语构词法基本知识讲解
1，合成法
合成法至今保持着旺盛的生命力，在现代英语中不少新词都是借助原有的词合成的。
1)名词+名词→名词
basket(篮子)+ball(球) →basketball篮球
book (书) +shop(商店 ) → bookshop书店
house(房子) +work(劳动) → housework家务劳动
2)形容词+名词→名词
black(黑色的)+board( 木 板) →blackboard黑板
English(英国的)+man(人) →Englishman英国人
loud(大声的)+speaker(说话者) →loudspeaker扬声器
3)介词+名词→名词(或形容词)
after(在后)+noon(正午) →afternoon下午
under(在下面)+ground(地面) → underground地下的
4)名词+过去分词→形容词
man(人)+made(做) → man-made人造的
5)名词(形容词)+名词+ed→形容词
glass(玻璃)+topped(顶部的) →glass-topped玻璃罩着的
kind(善良的)+hearted(心) →kind-hearted好心的
6)副词+名词→介词
in(里面)+side(边) →inside在内
down(在下)+stairs(楼梯) →downstairs在楼下
2、派生法
派生法是通过在词根上加后缀或前缀构成新词。它不仅扩充了英语词汇，而且丰富了语言的表现力。
后缀(后缀多数改变词性而不改变词义)：
1)动词或形容词+er/or →名词
write v.写 →writer n.作者
travel v. 旅 行 →traveller n.旅 客
foreign adj.外国的 →foreigner n.外国人
invent v.发明 →inventor n.发明家
visit v. 参观 → vistor n.参观者
2)动词 +(t)ion → 名词
invent v.发明 →invention n.发明
operate v.做手术 →operation n.手术
3)动词+ing/ed → 名词或形容词
build v. 建筑 →building n.建筑物
interest v.使感兴
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