英语考试解答单项填空题的9种方法

时间:2022-07-02 16:13:26 考试 我要投稿
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英语考试解答单项填空题的9种方法

  1. 还原法

英语考试解答单项填空题的9种方法

  还原题干中颠倒的语序,使句子结构明朗,从而作出正确选择。

  As a student, every minute should be made full use _____ hard at our lessons.

  A. of working B. of to work C. of work D. of being worked

  解析:把题干还原为主动结构:As a student, we should make full use of every minute to work hard at our lessons. 由此可见,动词不定式 to work hard at our lessons 为目 to work hard at our lessons <的状语。故最佳答案为 B。

  Ihave always been honest and direct, and it doesn’t matter ______ I’m talking to. And sometimes they misunderstand me, so I may need to change.

  A. who is it B. who it is C. it is who D. it is whom

  解析:题干 matter 之后为宾语从句,而且含有强调结构。把宾语从句还原:SPAN>I’m talking to whom, 然后再对 whom 进行强调,Whom is it that I’m talking to,再变为陈述语序,即为答案 D。

  2. 补全法

   根据题意,把题干中省略的部分补充上,使句子结构完整、语境清楚,从而正确把握命题人的意图。

  Last Sunday we failed to go to see the movie Hero _______ because the tickets had been sold out

  .A. as planned B. as planning C. as to be planned D. as being planed

  解析:状语从句通常可省略,保留“连词 + 分词”。分词as planned = as it had been planned = as we had planned,故最佳答案为 A。

  —You look upset. What are you worried about?

  —_________ he can return the book to me in time.

  A. That B. Whether C. When D. Where

  解析:答语为 about 所带的宾语从句,完整的句子为:I‘m worried about whether he can return the book to me in time. 显然答案为 B。

  3. 简化法

  把题干中的插入语部分去掉,使句子结构简练,解题也就更容易了。

  It is the ability to do the job _______matters not where you come from or what you are. (全国卷)

  A. one B. that C. what D. it

  解析:去掉题干中的 not where you come from or what you are,题干即为是一个简单句: not where you The ability to do the job matters. 把主语 The ability 放在强调结构中,即变为题干。显然最佳答案为 B。

  When he grew up, mother gave him a gold ring. And he was supposed to give it to ______ he thought he loved most.

  A. whoever B. whomever C. any girl D. anyone who

  解析:去掉题干中插入语 he thought, 可知从空白处起为名词性从句,作 to 的宾语。因 loved 缺少宾语,选 whomever,相当于 anyone whom,故最佳答案为 B。

  4. 逆向思维法

   解题时要注意克服思维定势的影响。换另一个角度思考问题,才能突破固定的思维模式,找到答案。

  The cave _____ dark, they hade to made some candles ______ light.

  A. was; given B. was; being given C. being; to give D. being; given

  解析:由于两个分句之间为逗号,第 1 空不能填 was,而应填 being,构成了“名词 + 现在分词”的独立结构;第 2 空不是 make sb do sth 结构,而填 to give,为动词不定式作目的状语。故最佳答案为 C。

  —Which do you enjoy _____ your weekend, fishing or hiking?—I prefer fishing.

  A. spending B. to spend C. being spent D spent

  解析:enjoy doing 为考生所熟悉的句型,而题干中 enjoy 的宾语是疑问词 Which,因此需用动词不定式 to spend 作目的状语。故最佳答案,因此需用动词不定式 B。

  5. 关键词提示法

   关键词在解题时的作用不容忽视,它们往往是解题的重要线索。

  I failed in the final examination last term and only then _____the importance of studies.

  A. I realized B. I had realized C. had I realized D. did I realize

  解析:关键词 only then 位于第 2 个分句之首,因此需用倒装句。故最佳答案为 D。

  Stand on the top of the hill, ___________ you’ll have a clear picture of the park.

  A. or B. while C. but D. and

  解析:句首的祈使句和第 2 个分句中的you’ll是关键词,暗示本题的题干为“祈使句 + and / or + 一般将来时的并列句”一般将来时的并列句。因前后句之间为因果关系,故最佳答案为 D。

  6. 语境突破法

  通过阅读题干的对话部分,即可准确把握交际语境,快速解题。

  —I think you should phone Jenny and say sorry to her.

  —_______. It was her fault. (全国卷)

  A. No way B. Not possible C. No chance D. Not at all

  解析:根据语境,说话人坚决不同意向 Jenny 道歉,因为是 Jenny 有过错。因此判断答语应为 No way,意为“别想,没门”“。最佳答案为 A。

  7. 一致法

   在英语中,谓语动词要与主语一致,而且有些英语句型要求前后对称。因此,注意一致性是帮你准确解题的思路之一。

  Fishing is his favorite hobby, and _________. (上海卷)

  A. he’d like to collect coins as well B. he feels like collecting coins, tooC. to collect coins is also his hobby D. collecting coins also gives him great pleasure

  解析:所给的几个选项意义上都符合题意。因题干中的第 1 个分句 为动名词作主语,因此只能选 D 与之保持一致。最佳答案为 D。

  8. 比较法通过对比和分析所给的 4 个选项,选出最适合所给语境的答案。

  In the museum visitors ______ not to touch the exhibits while visiting.

  A. will request B. request C. are requesting D. are requested

  解析:比较发现,选项 D 合乎题意。题干为 request sb to do sth 句型的被动结构,还原为主动结构为: They request visitors not to touch the exhibits. 故最佳答案为 D。

  I really appreciate _______ to relax for some time on this nice island, free from work and worry.

  A. to have had time B. having time C. to have time D. to having time

  解析:appreciate 后接动名词,通过比较,先排除appreciat A、C;再比较选项B 和 D,发现 D 项中的 to 多余。故最佳答案为 B。

  9. 排除法在比较几个选项时,可以先排除明显错误的选项,进而逐渐排除其他错误项,找到最佳答案。

  Before the operation, the doctor had to talk to the patient in order to remove her fear ______ she might die during the operation.

  A. when B. that C. which D. so that

  解析:从两个分句之间的关系判断,没有因果关系,可先排除so that;由于第 2 个分句中不缺少句子成分,又可排除选项 A 和 C,故只有 B 为最佳答案。fear 之后的that引导同位语从句,对 fear 的内容进行补充和说明。

  fear In today’s competitive world you will have to work hard and keep trying if you ________.

  A. have survived B. are to survive C. would survive D. will survive

  解析:主句为一般将来时,在 if 引导的条件状语从句中不可能用一般将来时或过去将来时,可先排除 C 和 D;从句中不含完成的意味,选项和 A也被排除。be to 在条件状语从句中可表示“想要”之意(= intend to),故最佳答案为 B。

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